Brick for chimneys.



v sets of brick are evident.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

RUDOLF PAUL WEBER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

BRICK FOR CHIMNEYS;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

T0 all Lul-"1,0m, t may concer-71,: Y

Be it known that I, RUDoLF PAUL WEBER, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bricks for Chimneys, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention pertains to improveyments in chimneys, and particularly to a new brick for the construction of chimneys of the character employed for manufacturing plants.

The object of my invention is to provide a brick which will be so shaped that a single set thereof can be used for the full construction of chimneys of any size and shape.

The disadvantages in employing different The same are particularly felt with smaller brick factories. In order to be able to promptly fill orders for a number of dierent sets of bricks, the factory must keep a ready stock, which requires a large brickyard. Besides, it is impossible to always keep a full stock of various sets that may be required, inasmuch as the bricks vary with the various shapes and sizes that may be adopted for chimneys. A p

To manufacture different sets of bricks, a corresponding number ofv different mouthpieces must be employed with the brickmaking machines, and in special cases new mouthpieces must be constructed before the required bricks can be manufactured.

The great delays suffered in the construction of the chimneys when the required sets cannot be'delivered in right time and the u nnecessary expenses, as the wages to `the workmen who have to wait with their work until the new supply of bricks arrives, are other important disadvantages when diiferent sets of bricks are used.

A further object of my invention is to form the brick so as to prevent the stuff-'joints of the chimney from being directly subjected to the influences of heat and to render the bricks more durable.

With these and other objects in view my invention consists in the manufacture of a new brick and a new method of construction and arrangement of chimneys. To make my invention more clear, the same is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference-letters denote corresponding parts, and in which Figure 1 is a plan of a chimney embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on .pendicularly to the edge Z.

the broken line x of Fig.k 1. Fig. 3 is an enlargedv partial plan of a chimney, the dotted lines showing the alternative arrangement of the bricks in horizontal layers, and Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of my new brick.

The brick represented in Fig. 4 and composed of the same material as ordinary bricks, clay, terra-cotta, or the like consists of an outer wider portion a and an inner narrower laterally-inclined nose portion t. The outer edge Z of the wider portion is longitudinally slightly curved to an arc of a circle, the diameter of which may be that of the normal width of a chimney. In the example shown in Fig. 4, a diameter of eight feet is assumed. The side edges ef of the brick are laterally inclined to the outer edge Z, the outer ends thereof being rounded and directed substantially per- The inclination of the side edges is made in straight inwardlyconverging lines, the straght edge f allowing of the manufacture of the bricks in exactly the same manner as ordinary radial bricks and to serve as the base-surface for the soft clay bar from which the bricks are made and which will slide on the rollers of the cuttingtable as it is expelled from the mouthpiece of the machine to be cut in separate bricks.

The inner edge dof the brick is cut under an angle to incline from the longer edge f toward the shorter edge e outward.

` As with hitherto used bricks, to permita thorough drying or burning of the bricks in the kilns and for other purposes, which will be hereinafter more fully stated, I hollow the brick, as at g, and provide the same with an aperture h.

The edges e and f I provide with teethor furrows which are adapted to engage vwith the binding material and to form aneflective fastening means for the bricks of the chimney. l

The method of constructing a chimney with my new brick is as follows: The bricks of the iirst layer are placed in a circle with a short space apart from each other, as shown in Fig. 1 and 3, the noses t all extending in one direction and each overlying a considerable portion of the neighbor brick. In the next layer above the first the bricks are, as with ordinary construction, displaced and their noses t all extend in the opposite direction in relation to the noses t of the first layer. Inthe third layer the bricks are again arranged as in the `first layer, and so on, alternatively in the dierent layers.

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The inner wall of the chimney-shaft is formed of ordinary bricks lc, and as stuffing material concrete and mortar may be used, the former. (marked by the letter i) being adapted to fill the space between the inner wall of the ordinary bricks 7c and the outer wall formed of my new bricks. Mortar may be used to iill the spaces between the bricks of the outer and inner walls.

The outer ap earancc of the chimney constructed accor ing to my invention is the same as with ordinary radial brick chimneys.

In conical chimneys or such with decreasing diameter the bricks in the outer layers will be so located in relation to each other that the distance y, Fig. 3, will be smaller than in the layer of larger diameter.

Owing to the small width (normally seven inches) of the head a of the brick, considering the width of the chimney, the curvature of the outer edge Z does practically not come into consideration.

The advantages of my new lows:

First. The same being manufactured of a uniform shape and size can be used for the construction of chimneys of any desired shape and dimensions.

Second. Owing to the overlying noses l) in each layer the stuff-joints are protected against a direct influence of heat which spreads radially from within the chimneyshaft through the concrete iilling i.

Third. Owing to the alternative location of the bricks in the successive horizontal layers, with their noses directed in alternative direction, there is a more proper binding between the bricks of the different layers.

Fourth. A certain portion of the opening or hollow g of each brick will coincide with that of the corresponding brick in the upper and lower layers, so that vertical shafts will be formed which will extend through each brick throughout the entire height of the chimney. Likewise vertical shafts will be formed by the coinciding apertures h of the bricks. The mortar 'Iilling of these shafts will form proper locking-bolts that will lock each brick with its two neighbor bricks of the succeeding layer. (See Fig. 3.)

Fifth. The furrows or teeth in the edges e f of each brick will engage with the mortar and concrete filling and also serve to securely hold the bricks in position.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A brick for chimneys consisting of a wider outer portion or head and a narrower inner portion or nose, said nose extending under a lateral inclination to the head portion and having inwardly-converging edges, substantially and for the purpose as specified.

2. A brick for chimneys, consisting of a wider outer portion or head and a narrower inner portion or nose, the head having a lonbrick are as folgitudinally-cu'rved outer edge and the nose extending under a lateral inclination. to the said edge of the head, the side edges of the nose being substantially straight and converging inward, the outer ends of said edges being rounded and directed perpendicularly to the outer edge of the head, substantially and for the purpose as specified.

3. A' brick for chimneys, consisting of a wider outer head portion and a narrower inner nose portion, the outer edge of the head being longitudinally curved and the side edges of the nose portion being substantiallystraight and extending under an inclination to the said edge of the head and converging inward, and furrows in the side edges of the nose portion, substantially and for the purpose as specified.

4. A brick for chimneys, consisting of a wider outer head portion and a narrower inner nose portion, hollows or apertures in the head portion, the edges of the nose being directed under a lateral straight inclination to the outer edge of the head and converging inward, and furrows in the said side edges of the nose, substantially and for the purpose as specified.

5. A brick for chimneys, consisting of a wider outer head portion and a graduallyreduced nose portion, the outer edge of the head being longitudinally curved and the side edges of the nose portion extending under a straight inclination to the said edge of the head and converging inward and forming one longer and one shorter edge, the inner edge of the nose being cut under an inclination directed outward from the said longer edge toward the shorter one, and furrows in both said side edges of the nose, substantially and for the purpose as speciiied.

6. A chimney comprising an inner wall formedof ordinary bricks and an outer wall formed of bricks having a wider outer portion or head and a gradually-reduced and laterally-inclined inner portion or nose, the nose of each brick being adapted to overlie a portion of its neighbor brick in each horizontal layer and the bricks in the different layers being alternatively displaced and their noses extending in opposite directions, the space between the inner wall and the outer wall being filled with concrete and the stuff-joints between the bricks being formed by mortar, substantially and for the purpose as specified.

7. A chimney comprising an inner wall formed of ordinary bricks, an outer wall formed of bricks having a wider outer head portion and a gradually-reduced and laterally-inclined inner nose portion, the outer edge of the head portion being curved, furrows in the side edges of the nose portionJ hollows or apertures in the head portion, the space between the inner wall and outer wall being filled with concrete and the stuffjoints between the bricks being formed by IOO IIO

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mortar, the urrows in the side edfges of the forming locking-bars connecting the bricks noses being adapted to engage the ing, the of the outer Wall With each other, substanbricks ofthe outer Wall being in the different tially and for the purpose as specified.

layers alternatively displaced and their noses extending in opposite directions, the hollows in each brick being adapted to form With those of the bricks in the upper and lower layers7 hollow shafts extending throughout the entire height of the chimney and to be 1o filled with mortar or the like, said fillings In testimony w ereof I affix my signature 1n presence of tWo Witnesses.

RUDOLF PAUL WEBER.

Witnesses:

MAx E. ORDMANN, JOHN T. OARMODY. 

